Potatoes are cultivated as tuberous vegetables. India ranks third in the world in terms of potato production. Potatoes are very much like in India. It is one such vegetable, which can be made with any vegetable. Potatoes are cultivated everywhere in India except in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Consumption of potatoes benefits the body, but consuming too much can cause problems like increasing body fat.
Many nutrients are found in potatoes, vitamin C, B, manganese, calcium, phosphorus and iron are helpful. Also, the amount of water in it is the highest. Also, potato tubers are found inside the soil. So the land for its cultivation should be rich in organic matter and proper drainage. Potatoes are cultivated in India along with the Rabi crop.
Soil, Climate & Temperature
Potato cultivation requires fertile soil rich in organic matter. Its cultivation requires sandy loam soil with proper drainage. General P.H. It can be easily cultivated in the valued land. The temperate and tropical climate is considered suitable for potato cultivation. In India, it is enabled in the winter, but the frost falling in winter damages its plants. Moreover, for every farming task Swaraj 744 is best as it provides excellent performance and features.
Its fruits get spoiled even in hot climates because its plants need light rain. For good potato production, the average temperature is required. High and low temperatures harm its plants. Its plants can tolerate a maximum temperature of 25 degrees and a minimum of 15 degrees. Moreover, higher than this temperature is harmful to the plants.
Field Preparation & Fertiliser
Potatoes are cultivated in friable soil. The first deep ploughing is done in the field with soil-turning ploughs. After ploughing, the area is left open for a few days. After this, 15 carts of old cow dung manure or vermicompost are put in the field as natural manure and ploughed again. Due to this, cow dung gets mixed well in the field’s soil. After this, the area is pulverised by applying water. After ploughing, when the field’s soil starts appearing dry from above, DAP is involved in the form of chemical fertiliser.
Then the field’s soil is made crispy by applying a rotavator. The ground becomes friable, the area is levelled by using pat. After this, the bund is prepared for planting plants in the field. Apart from this, 25 kg urea must be given along with irrigation at the plant growth time.
Planting Method
Potato seeds are planted in the form of potatoes. For this, small potato tubers are produced in the field. Before transplanting tubers. They are mixed by adding the appropriate amount of Indofil to water. In which the tubers are kept in this solution for 15 minutes. After this, these tubers are transplanted. About 15 to 30 quintals of tubers are required in one hectare of field.
For planting tubers, weeds are prepared to keep a distance of one foot on the flat land. And the width of each weed is kept up to one foot. Since potato cultivation is also done along with the Rabi crop. Its plants are planted in the winter season. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to transplant its tubers between October and November.
Irrigation
Potato tubers are planted in moist soil and require first irrigation 5 days after transplanting. After this, water must be given for 10 to 15 days for the plants to grow. Therefore, moisture has to be maintained in the field. For the incredible growth of tubers in the potato field. And because of proper irrigation the potatoes are naturally grown.
Weed control
Both chemical and natural methods are used to control weeds in a potato field. To get control of weeds by a chemical process, an appropriate amount of liquid is sprayed after planting the seeds. Due to this, weeds are born in less quantity in the field. To get control of weeds by natural method, weeding is done. Also, its first weeding is done about 20 to 25 days after sowing the seed. Potato plants require only two to three hoeing. Also, for controlling weeds Swaraj 963 tractor model is efficient.
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